Overview & Statutory Background
The Presidential Council for Minority Rights (PCMR) is a constitutional body established under Part VI (Articles 68 to 92) of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore. Chaired by the Chief Justice of Singapore, the PCMR acts as a constitutional safeguard against racial and religious discrimination. Under Article 76, every Bill passed by Parliament must be submitted to the PCMR for scrutiny before receiving Presidential Assent. The PCMR's duty is to consider whether any provision in a Bill constitutes a 'differentiating measure'—one that discriminates against any racial or religious community. If the PCMR issues an adverse report, Parliament cannot present the Bill for Presidential Assent unless Parliament overrides the report by a two-thirds (2/3) supermajority. Use this guide to understand Singapore's minority legislative veto system.
Key Pass Highlights & Statutory Criteria
Evaluation Criteria & Points Breakdown
Article 76 Mandatory Scrutiny of Parliamentary Bills
Art 76 ReviewRequires all Bills passed by Parliament (except Money Bills or Urgent Bills) to be submitted to PCMR before Presidential Assent.
Detection of 'Differentiating Measures'
Differentiating MeasureIdentifies any legislative clause that disadvantages any racial or religious community compared to others.
PCMR Adverse Report & Suspensive Veto
Adverse ReportIf PCMR finds a clause discriminatory, it issues an Adverse Report to the Speaker of Parliament, stopping Presidential Assent.
Article 78 Parliamentary Override Procedure
2/3 OverrideParliament can only proceed with an adversely reported Bill if MPs pass a 2/3 supermajority resolution overriding PCMR.
Mandatory Eligibility Requirements
Step-by-Step Application & Issuance Process
Parliamentary Passage of Legislative Bill
Bill completes Third Reading in Parliament and is passed by MPs.
Submission of Bill to PCMR (Article 76)
Speaker of Parliament sends official copy of passed Bill to PCMR Chairman (Chief Justice).
30-Day PCMR Scrutiny & Deliberation
PCMR reviews Bill clauses for discriminatory or 'differentiating' provisions against minorities.
Issuance of Report to Speaker & President
PCMR issues Certificate of No Differentiating Measure OR Adverse Report highlighting discriminatory clauses.
Presidential Assent or 2/3 Parliamentary Override
If no adverse report, President assents to law; if adverse report, Parliament must amend Bill or pass 2/3 override.
Required Document Checklist
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Statutory Benchmark Metrics
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